How to calculate the brightness of Led tube

The same as traditional light source, Led tube light sources’ as with traditional light sources, LED tube light source of optical measurement units are unified. To our readers to understand and easy to use, following a brief introduction to the knowledge:
First, the luminous flux
Led tube light flux is emitted per unit time in the amount of light that radiated power can be felt by the human eye that part of radiation energy. It is a band per unit time is equal to the radiation energy and the band see the rate as the product of the relative. Since the human eye relative to different wavelengths of light as see different rates, so the radiation power LED Lighting of different wavelengths of light are equal, not equal luminous flux. Symbol flux Φ, unit lumen (Lm).
According to spectral radiant flux Φ (λ), so you can come flux formula:
Φ = Km ■ Φ (λ) gV (λ) dλ

In the formula, V (λ) – depending on the relative spectral light efficiency; Km-radiation spectrum of light as the maximum performance, the unit is Lm / W. Measured in 1977 by the International Committee to LED Tube determine Km values 683Lm / W (λm = 555nm).
Second, the light intensity
Led tube light intensity is defined as per unit area per unit time by the light energy, energy and frequency proportional to their strength and (or points) can also be understood as the light source in a given direction is the luminous intensity I The light source in the solid angle element in the direction of the flux dΦ transmission divided by the solid angle element dΩ of Commerce
Unit of luminous intensity is the candela (cd), 1cd = 1Lm/1sr. The light intensity in all directions of space is the sum of flux.
Third: and brightness
Our LED tube in the test chip evaluation of LE tube light LED Display brightness and radiation safety in the process, the general imaging, can be used for testing the chip micro-imaging measurements. Brightness is the light source at the surface brightness of a particular L, is the surface element dS in a given direction divided by the luminous intensity on the panel perpendicular to the surface of the projection given Fang Xiangping area of business
Brightness of the unit is the candela per square meter (cd/m2). When light and measuring the direction perpendicular to the surface, then cosθ = 1.
Fourth, light
Led tube light intensity is the extent of the object is illuminated by the luminous flux per unit area expressed accepted. Light intensity and light source, the illuminated surface and the light in the space of position, size and the light source and light intensity is proportional to the angle of incidence Yuxuan Cheng, and with the light source to the illuminated surface is inversely proportional to the square of the distance. Illumination point on the surface E is the incident contains the points in the flux dΦ panel divided by the area LED Display dS of the operators panel.
In units of lux (LX), 1LX = 1Lm/m2.

illuminated with LEDs

Custom lighting, a British company that recently merged with LED Display specialist LEDtronics, Inc. has undertaken two projects to introduce LED lighting in Buckingham Palace.
The exterior of the palace was illuminated with LEDs also last year – see Philips lights up Buckingham Palace with LED lighting.
As and LEDtronics developed a unique method of lighting with LED Tube. The project was carried out at the request of the royal family in an effort to reduce energy consumption and maintenance costs. The center room chandelier was nominated and 32 twenty-five watt tungsten lamps were removed, and a low control voltage of 2.8 watt LED lamps.
The energy savings exceeding 80% were performed, and the next re-lamping should not be scheduled until 2020. The chandelier will become equipped with a warmer version of LED Display, perfectly recreating the color temperature of tungsten lamps.
Grand Staircase”The aesthetics of the respective rooms is an important consideration and therefore we need an option in the color of the lamps. Lighting and LEDtronics as have failed to provide the perfect solution for the royal household. And its energy-saving strategy has greatly improved “, said Pervaiz Lodhi, president and founder of LED Tube and co-owner of International custom lighting.
“We’re perfecting a LED candle lamp for the Palace once again help them in their commitment to saving energy.”
LEDtronics Lodhi says she has also recently worked with custom lighting in the Grand Staircase in Buckingham Palace. “We have installed around 32. 000 LEDs, which included a combination of warm white combined with red, green and blue, giving a range of several thousand color temperatures. The system is LED Lighting remotely by radio transmitter. “

Federal Communications Commission (FCC)

The LED Lighting System Compatibility concept is designed to flush out product performance in all critical key areas including energy performance, emissions, and immunity. With EPRI’s test data, manufacturers will know how their product performance with respect to these three areas. Efficiency and energy savings is not only a concern at full brightness, but now also at each dimming level as many products are dimmable. The performance of a lighting product will vary as it is dimmed. Performance metrics like input total current harmonic distortion and true power factor are important for manufacturers and utilities to know as products LED Tube are dimmed in customer facilities. Some manufacturers struggle with meeting regulatory requirements for radiated and conducted emissions to ensure their products pass prescribed emissions limits promulgated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and other agencies both here and abroad. In several cases, manufacturers suddenly find out that their product no longer passes an emissions test when sampled from LED Display the production line. EPRI compatibility engineers can evaluate and review product designs to ensure that products always pass these tests with comfortable safety margins without increasing product cost.
Under the EPRI immunity tests, manufacturers learn exactly where the weak links are located in their product designs and what causes weak-link performance to occur. It is not uncommon for EPRI to discover LED Tube a concerning weak link in product design resulting from common everyday electrical disturbances incident upon the product in the customers’ environment. What is astonishing is that the majority of these weak-link issues are resolved by very low-cost changes to the product (circuit) design.LED Display With this, manufacturers are able to alleviate known problems and avoid underlying problems while eliminating high warranty costs.
Once manufacturers become fully aware of how their products truly perform in customer electrical environments, then they can educate their customers on real product performance and convince them that early failure is highly unlikely and product reliability has been addressed from a real-world perspective.   http://www.led-lights-display.com

Choosing a supplier

An example of the dramatic growth in the LED Lighting industry is the Guangzhou International Lighting Exhibition which featured over 1500 exhibitors from 26 countries in 2009. Many of these suppliers are, in actuality, “private-label” shops, simply affixing their own brand label to LED Display purchased from an outside source. Thus, the first question to resolve in the qualification process is whether the suppliers under consideration manufacture their own product.

Once this has been established, other areas of inquiry include the obvious, such as number of years in the LED business, delivery management system, sales channel and any industry-level affiliations, such as the Energy Star program. An evaluation of each potential supplier’s process capabilities and quality assurance (QA) and reliability programs is also important. If a supplier is not among the top in the industry, a factory audit may prove well worth the time and expense.

There are additional areas of risk that should be considered,LED Tube including the supplier’s overall business model. For example, a supplier tied too closely to just one or two major customers would be a greater risk since that supplier might not be able to survive a downturn in orders. Similarly, a supplier with only one manufacturing location would also be a greater risk as it would be very difficult to recover from a catastrophic occurrence at its facility.

Another risk that impacts all LED lighting suppliers is the increasing demand for LED Display, resulting in longer lead times and higher costs. Because of this, an understanding of the supplier’s relationship with their chip manufacturer(s) is essential.

One final consideration is the terms of the supplier warranty. The two failure modes experienced by LED Tube are lumen degradation (premature deterioration of the level of light output) and catastrophic failure (the LED ceases to emit light altogether). Ensure that the supplier’s warranty covers both these failure modes in terms of end user expectations and that return and credit conditions and logistics are clear and easily executable.

How has it already helped manufacturers of other electronic lighting products

Manufacturers of electronic linear fluorescent ballasts, compact fluorescent lamps, and electronic HID ballasts continue to address reliability and compatibility for their products today as existing products are revised and as new products are developed. In all cases, manufacturers were surprised to find the types of weak links in product design that were found by applying the EPRI System Compatibility concept. As mentioned above, the majority of these changes needed to improve reliability and compatibility were very low-cost changes which resulted in orders-of-magnitude product improvements. EPRI’s concept not only identifies the weak links but also determines why they occur, and moreover, how to alleviate them. When a solution to a compatibility problem is identified and resolved, EPRI continues to work with the manufacturer to verify that product performance has improved. Manufacturers who have worked with EPRI in applying the compatibility concept have already saved millions of dollars in warranty costs and costs associated with failed lighting products and products that could have exhibited continued poor performance in customer environments.

How can the LED lighting devices

Lighting device and systems manufacturers cannot afford to launch products without knowing how they perform in real-world customer environments. With the growing number of new lighting products and competition among manufacturers in the SSL industry, determining the compatibility performance of new SSL products is vital to the success of the SSL industry as a whole. Early product failures have already occurred and are still occurring with some types of products. These failures have been associated with design issues and verification of component performance among other causes. Many products have also failed due to high product susceptibilities to common everyday electrical disturbances. LED devices and systems are even more susceptible to such disturbances than products like CFLs. LED devices contain more sensitive electronic devices on average. The electronic device nature of the light source in SSL products adds another layer of susceptibility concern to SSL products. Exposure of SSL product systems to electrical environments places the whole system at risk to upset and damage caused by electrical disturbances.

From recent discussions on product survivability, it is obvious that product reliability is a major concern for the future of SSL products and the industry itself. Compatibility performance of SSL products plays a vital role in determining overall product reliability. EPRI’s compatibility concept for SSL products is designed to capture all of the standard reliability factors and combine them with results and goals of compatibility testing to ensure that the predicted reliability of the SSL product includes what does happen in the customer’s electrical environment and the public power system.

Power quality on the utility power system is improving, but EPRI research has shown that compatibility problems with ELPs still occur. Some manufacturers can clearly see this from the number of returned products and customer dissatisfaction. Utility and customer electrical environments remain complex, with more non-linear loads coming on line, increased power system control responsibilities to ensure power is delivered to these changing environments, and changes in world climate conditions producing more weather activity. If the compatibility of ELPs does not continue to be addressed, manufacturers will be placing themselves in a higher risk category, making it more difficult to penetrate targeted markets and invoke customer satisfaction. Market penetration must continue to grow but only by providing SSL products to customers that manufacturers know are reliable and will perform as specified and promised.

Photometric testing at EPRI

http://www.ledrooms.com is professional in LED Lighting, including LED Tube, LED Bulb, LED Downlight, LED Display as well as LED Panel

Manufacturers must learn how to put the minds of their customers at ease when it comes to product reliability and assuring customers that efficiency levels will remain close to what is expected in the early life of the product. Lumen output must not degrade as a result of common everyday electrical disturbances. Industry standards are just now being developed and applied for SSL products and still receiving attention in fluorescent and HID products. Photometric testing at EPRI not only determines static efficiency and lumen-output levels under varying steady-state voltage input conditions but also determines dynamic efficiency and lumen-output levels under dynamic conditions. Under dynamic conditions, steady-state voltages are applied to the product while supporting steady-state disturbances. Some electronic lighting products have been found to exhibit appreciable changes in lumen output when the steady-state voltage is corrupted by certain types of commonly occurring electrical disturbance without causing product failure.
Moreover, manufacturers aim to design product warranties that are matched with the products they sell. A well-designed and effective warranty program will put forth a warranty period that compliments product performance. Regardless of the size of the manufacturer, costs associated with honoring product warranties must be kept under control. Manufacturers must be able to predict the performance of their products when they are used in typical customer environments. An underlying susceptibility problem with a product caused by an incompatibility issue can suddenly cause a major product reliability concern affecting market penetration. This can be especially hazardous to the success of a new lighting product like many of the SSL products.   http://www.led-lights-display.com

http://www.led-lights-display.com
Subjecting an electronic lighting product to EPRI’s System Compatibility concept will allow the manufacturer to determine product performance in a variety of areas with respect to what occurs on lighting branch circuits in customer electrical environments. In today’s energy-savings society, product efficiency and how much energy saving can be gained from using a high-efficiency product are two areas of much attention.

However, if customers experience early failures and continuous malfunctions, then customer satisfaction will go down, and word may go around that products from a certain manufacturer may be known to experience early failure. Manufacturers will receive numerous complaints about the performance of their products. Product performance knowledge must go far beyond determining efficiency and energy savings. A lighting product that exhibits early degrading performance or failure will cause shifts in customer expectations. Customers will no longer be so concerned with efficiency and how much energy they can save by using an energy-saving lighting product. Instead, customer focus will shift towards product reliability: “Can I keep the lights on?”

How do manufacturers benefit from using the concept

There are a number of excellent benefits for manufacturers in applying the System Compatibility concept to electronic lighting products. Manufacturers want to know as much about their products as they can, especially when it comes to how they perform in real-world electrical environments in customer facilities. Although there are similarities between customer environments of the same type, no two environments are the same. The electrical environment in one residential area will be different than the electrical environment in another. Why? Two customer areas may be fed from a different distribution circuit or from distribution circuits fed from two different substations. Commercial and industrial environments are also very different. One commercial facility may include only offices but fed from a feeder that also powers a commercial facility containing different types of loads characteristic of generating a type of voltage transient known to damage CFLs.

The physical location of customer facilities also plays a critical role in establishing the facility environment. One facility may be in a high exposure area characteristic of lightning strikes or high-energy surges that travel down the distribution system circuit to the facility. Some distribution feeders are more susceptible to surges caused by lightning strikes than others. Distribution circuits utilize a lot of hardware to ensure the circuit is properly connected. However, the reliability of distribution feeders does vary from circuit to circuit. As one can see here, environments vary considerably thus warranting the need to determine compatibility levels for lighting products. EPRI compatibility tests are designed to determine how susceptible lighting products are to these environments.

How can manufacturers utilize EPRI to apply the compatibility concept to their products

EPRI is a non-profit 501(c)3 company that provides engineering research, development, and testing for the utility industry—domestic and international. EPRI’s utility customers range from utility generation companies to utility transmission companies to utility power distributing companies including federal and local power companies. EPRI’s customer base also extends to manufacturers of all types of equipment including equipment used by utilities to operate the power system to end-use equipment used by utility customers (i.e. the loads) to provide everyday necessities like electrically-produced light. Almost all of today’s loads are electronic end-use loads. Even in the days when loads were not electronic-based, utility customers would experience damage to their load equipment that was later deemed to be the cause of electrical disturbances incident upon the equipment. The fact that essentially all of today’s loads increasingly use electronics makes them more susceptible to upset and damage from common everyday electrical disturbances occurring on the power system and inside customer facilities.

Because EPRI had already worked with a number of manufacturers to make their products more robust to disturbances, utilities wanted to see these efforts continued to increase the compatibility between the public power system and end-use products. In the early 1990s, EPRI initiated a major research project called the System Compatibility Research Project. The purpose of this project was to determine compatibility of end-use electronic loads – such as computer power supplies, adjustable speed drives, and electronic fluorescent ballasts – with the public power system. Each type of load was evaluated for its energy performance, emissions performance, and immunity performance. Compatibility performance of end-use products in these three areas was determined according to test protocols developed by EPRI. Test protocols contained both industry standardized tests and compatibility tests designed by EPRI to determine how these loads reacted to a gamut of disturbances such as voltage sags and other disturbances. Some of the tests would determine just how much of a certain disturbance a load could really tolerate. If the product is too susceptible to a common everyday disturbance, then EPRI compatibility engineers study the product design to determine why and work with the manufacturer to alleviate the problem. Product improvements not only lower susceptibility but also increase compatibility. This project continued for several years until dozens of end-use loads were evaluated.

Because of the highlighted value of applying EPRI’s System Compatibility concept to hundreds of end-use loads, EPRI continues to work with product manufacturers to apply the concept to the same types of loads and to new loads. Among these new loads are new types of dimmable and non-dimmable ELPs including electronic linear fluorescent ballasts, compact fluorescent lamps, induction lamps and systems, LED lamps and systems and other advanced lighting technologies.

Maximize your LED revenue potential

Effective January 1, 2011, the EPA will require that all new submissions from manufacturers participating in the ENERGY STAR® program be reviewed by a Certification Body (CB), and that qualification testing be performed under specific criteria. Product qualification requires testing to be performed at EPA-recognized facilities. First-party (manufacturer) facilities can have their test results accepted by the EPA as a part of an approved CB data acceptance program.

Underwriters Laboratories has earned approval as a Recognized Certification Body (CB) with multiple Testing Laboratories, covering, but not limited to, the following lighting categories:

• Lamps (LED integral lamps, CFL self-ballasted lamps, etc.)
• Luminaires (commericial, industrial, residential, etc.)
• Decorative lighting strings

Please join UL’s lighting experts, as we discuss:

• ENERGY STAR Evaluation and Verification Program Requirements
• Lab and Test Equipment needs for 2011 ENERGY STAR Requirements
• Streamlined Safety Certification and Energy Efficiency Evaluations – in your own lab.
• Proposed Changes to IES LM-79, IES LM-80
• Strategies to leverage ENERGY STAR in your global lighting business
• Real-Time EPA specification updates and critical dates

Please join UL’s technical experts to learn how to maximize your product’s revenue potential through our respected, recognized, and cutting-edge ENERGY STAR programs for Solid State and LED Lighting.

What does compatibility mean for today’s electronic lighting products

Providing utilities and their customers with electronic lighting products (ELPs) that have been performance-tested at EPRI identifies products that are compatible with the electrical environment. Fig. 1 illustrates how electronic lighting products sit with respect to two electrical environments. Products are fed power from the electrical equipment inside the customer’s facility. The operation of this equipment and the other loads that it supports define the customer’s electrical environment. Wiring and grounding systems inside the facility play a vital role in determining if the environment is acceptable or not acceptable for the lighting product. Wiring and grounding errors can “amplify” electrical disturbances that may otherwise be unharmful to lighting products.

The total electrical environment for electronic lighting products (ELP).
FIG. 1.
The utility electrical environment is defined as the environment outside of the customer’s facility. This environment includes all of the electrical disturbances that originate on the utility power system from operation of the system. Utilities must engage power-system equipment such as automatic reclosers, tap changers, and switched capacitors to maintain system stabilization and voltage control for their customers. The utility environment also includes all of the faults that are initiated on the power system. Faults are caused by events such as thunderstorms that produce lightning strikes to the system, animals that crawl on insulators and conductors, tree limbs that come in contact with power conductors, and penetrations in underground cables caused by construction digging. Compatibility testing carried out at EPRI reproduces these disturbances that occur in these environments and applies them to the product to determine how the product reacts.

LED component advancements

The road to superior lighting products invariably runs through advances in the LED component technology – and that means brighter, lower-cost LEDs. Swoboda recalled that, “When we got up to about 100 lm/W, many people said there was no reason to make brighter LEDs.” The point is that the efficiency was passing that of legacy sources, so some people questioned the need for even brighter LEDs.
The Cree XM-L LED delivers 160 lm/W
Cree XM-L LED

Swoboda reminded the audience, however, that delivering good LED lighting is very much a system-level problem. He said, “Brighter LEDs are actually the way to make the most cost-effective lighting product” because they provide flexibility in the design. For instance, a design can reduce drive current — simplifying the thermal design and extending the luminaire lifetime. But Swoboda also noted that “In some cases, if you don’t have color control perfect, you don’t have a product.”

Swoboda repeatedly emphasized the myriad lighting applications, the need for a broad product line, and the need for low component costs, but these factors seem to be at odds with one another. Historically low cost equates with high-volume manufacturing of a single product yet Cree has a broad product portfolio. Swoboda said, that Cree can manufacture a die in high volume to help drive costs down while using different package designs to yield components for different applications.

Swoboda did note that a move to larger wafers would soon start to drive cost down since a 6-inch wafer provides double the number of die compared with a 4-inch wafer. He pledged that Cree would be first in volume production with a 6-inch line for nitride (InGaN) LEDs.

There is a broad industry push to 6-in wafers underway. Rubicon Technology announced back in August that it was supplying 6-inch sapphire substrates for volume production of AlInGaP LEDs under a one year contract. It’s widely believed that the unnamed customer is an Asian manufacturer. Still the manufacturing message from Cree is clear that it has a roadmap toward lower component costs that’s rooted in semiconductor technology and that’s a proven way to drive costs down.

Driving LED adoption

Swoboda discussed what he sees as the key to driving LED adoption — looking at the technology and system design as intertwined elements. He suggested that many see LED system design, LED components and modules, and LED chips as three separate pieces rather than considering the implications that any one of the pieces has on the other two.

The SSL industry also needs to recognize where the opportunities lie according to Swoboda. He noted that fixtures and luminaires that target industrial and commercial installation currently afford the greatest market potential saying, “This is not about the light bulb.” He was quick to note that Cree is developing technology that enables retrofit light bulbs, but that the application focus would give preference to the largest applications.

The path to success sounds straightforward. Swoboda said, “Our goal for LED lighting is this: To help people design products that are better in every single respect to [legacy technology].”

Swoboda acknowledged that costs are a problem saying, “Today we ask our customers to buy a product and live with a ten year payback.” Were a vendor to approach Cree about buying into technology with a ten year payback for use in its factory, Swoboda said he would tell that vendor to “come back when it’s two.” While acknowledging the cost issue, Swoboda also stressed that SSL success has to come from value, saying “It’s not meant to be cheaper than the light bulb it’s meant to be better.”

 

The system side of Cree

Swoboda also pointed to the company’s system business as being very important in driving success both in terms of component development and charting a course that the component customers can follow. He explained that Cree bought the LED systems business that is now Cree LED Lighting to help move the market as a demonstration vehicle.

The company is certainly selling luminaires and striving to make the systems business a profitable one according to Swoboda, but the larger focus is on accelerating the LED component sales that make up two thirds of Cree’s revenue. He said that the company’s lighting business is being used to establish a roadmap that other luminaire makers can follow.

Swoboda also discussed the value that the systems business has brought to the LED design and manufacturing process. “You would be surprised what the benefit is when your R&D guy that has to make an LED component is forced to sit across the table almost every day and argue with his sister division about why his LED doesn’t solve a lighting problem,” he said. “What you quickly find out is the semiconductor guy quickly learns that lighting is not like every other market.” He believes the interaction has led to the component engineers thinking differently about the LED, and in turn to components that solve general-lighting-centric problems.

The goal of course is quicker adoption of LEDs into lighting. According to Swoboda, LEDs will comprise a meager 4% of the general lighting market in 2010. During his Q&A session a member of the audience asked Swoboda to comment on the premise that LEDs would pervade 80% of the lighting market by 2020. Swoboda quickly said, “I hope it won’t take that long. I want to know how we can do it in 2015.”

 

Led Display no match for 1 per chip

January of this year, the domestic Led Display industry standards for the first 8 national semiconductor lighting electronics industry by the National release. More than six months after being in the industry as can be purified Led Display market environment, and promote the GB industry reshuffle, and did not significantly alter the quality of Led Display the status quo.

“In Zhongshan, 1 yuan a chip can be seen everywhere in the Led Display, Led Display status of poor quality is a headache for entrepreneurs!” Foshan Lighting Association, Wu Yulin said.

Sounded the alarm industry, the company closed down

May 2010, as Kai Xiou lighting, general manager, Wu Yulin is a German company to receive the new Led Display Lights exporting single excited, let him do an unexpected surprise.

When Wu Yulin’s company and the Shenzhen Bo Xiang Optoelectronic Co., Ltd. signed an agreement, the latter providing the former with the total number of 15,390 of the Led Display lights. However, the delivery Shique accidents. “Only 20% pass rate products.” Shenzhen Bo Xiang return immediately required. Delayed more than a month after Bo Xiang answer: the company closed down, the boss was gone.

After the investigation has revealed that the collapse of its optical Bo Xiang, Led Display of poor quality, large-scale return on experience. Led Display products in the domestic enterprises lack of standards monitoring, quality quite a mixed bag so that price competition has seriously affected the healthy development of the industry.

8 GB match for “bad” flooding

Currently, Led Display price of an ordinary lamp energy saving lamp 4 to 5 times. The industry is almost recognized, if Led Display to reduce costs to the general level of energy-saving lamps, extended to more applications, then Led Display will be the absolute master of the lighting market.

“But you are in Shenzhen, Zhongshan market, a dollar bought a Led Display packaged chip. The price is surprisingly low.” Wu Yulin said, This is shoddy. The same one hundred lumens per watt chip U.S. companies sold $ 1.6 Career.

In this regard, Star Electric Co., Ltd. Foshan City, State Engineering Research Center for Optoelectronics Cheng Li, deputy director, said some manufacturers have advertised Led Display particles of light efficiency, increased power is in fact the case, so Led Display lights brighter, Led Display it seriously affected the life of the product. These practices, on the whole a negative impact on the reputation of the industry.

Market into a “low competition” cycle

Sync with the market turmoil, Foshan, many traditional companies have jumped into the Led Display light wave. Data show that the production of Foshan in the Led Display more than 230 companies. However, Led Display the trend of the future market-driven, some light industry chain downstream businesses, competing switch Led Display arms.

“A lot of the downstream companies will chip into Led Display Led Display Lighting to become enterprise.” Cheng Li believes that most companies are switching to design the chain of downstream applications, the lack of its own core technologies Led Display.

Wu Yulin is concerned, the lack of core technology, the quality of instability, the domestic market is not fully open condition, the blind into the Led Display area for fear of causing the industry into a “low-price competition,” the vicious circle.

Led Tube on Intellectual Property Problems

Led Tube commercial applications since the beginning, has been through more than 40 years of market development, and since the beginning of the 20th century, 90s, Led Tube lighting technology and the market has maintained a high state of development, now Led Tube technology has been gradually maturing industry. Led Tube because the concept of green energy, and therefore Led Tube technology as the representative of the photonics technology, the 21st century is considered the most promising industrial technology.
70 years of the 20th century, China Led Tube materials and devices started, 80 years industry has formed the early 90s has been of considerable size, and then rapidly, but the production company focused on the downstream industry chain. In 2007, China Led Tube industry output is about 500 million; 2008, driven by Olympic Games in Beijing, China Led Tube industry output is about 700 million; 2009, even though by the global financial crisis, China’s industrial output value of Led Tube also about 83 billion yuan. Thus Led Tube industry market growth rate, should be noted that the above statistics not China Taiwan region.

Sorted by country and region, the current leader in Japan and the U.S. technology is more, Germany, Korea, in some branches of Led Tube technology also has significant technical reserves; sorted by market share, Japan and China Taiwan region, in the two previous United States, followed by the EU and China. Led Tube patented technology in the international dominance of the major manufacturers including Nichia (Nichia), ToyodaGosei (Toyoda Gosei), CREE (Cree), PhilipsLumiLed Tubes (Philips lumens), Osram (Osram) and so on.

With the development of economic globalization, intellectual property is increasingly becoming the focus of international competition, intellectual property rights typically include patent, trademark and copyright, with regional, such as the United States only in the United States has the right to patent. Meanwhile, state and corporate intellectual property is an important strategic resource. June 5, 2008, China’s “Outline of National Intellectual Property Strategy” formally promulgated and implemented, proposed as a national intellectual property strategy must be an important strategy, strengthen intellectual property rights.

Led Tube in the field of patent litigation one after another dog has his day; and Led Tube in the upper reaches of the patented technology industry, mainly concentrated in the hands of foreign companies, that is, foreign enterprises to master the patent strategy initiative.

In summary, Led Tube industry markets a wide range and a bright future; while China Led Tube core patented technology industry since had to face a severe lack of patent issues, patent barriers must be bypassed to avoid the trap of the patent in order to win the market and win development.

Led Panel Light-to-date safety regulations

The current market a wide range of energy-saving lamps, and more technologically advanced and more environmentally friendly to count Led Panel Light. Data show, Led Panel Light 80% power than incandescent, fluorescent energy saving lamps energy saving than 50%. Led Panel Light has energy saving, environmental protection advantages in the lighting industry has become a major trend. Led Panel Light can be a distinct advantage embodies the following aspects:

1. Low-voltage power supply, low power consumption: In general, Led Panel Light working voltage is from 2 to 3.6V, operating current is 0.02 to 0.03A. That is to say: it does not exceed power consumption of 0.1W;

2. Small size: Led Panel Light is basically a very small chip which is encapsulated in epoxy resin;

3. Long life: at the right current and voltage, up to 10 million hours of their life, almost no maintenance. Also, Led Panel Light with full epoxy encapsulated, than light bulbs and fluorescent tubes are strong, light body and no loose parts, easy to damage;

4. High brightness, low-calorie: ordinary incandescent and halogen lighting, although cheap, but the light efficiency is low, due to the thermal effect of light and vain power; Led Panel Light for lighting lamps, not only the high luminous efficiency, and produce almost no heat cold light source power;

5. Green: Led Panel Light is made by a non-toxic materials, unlike fluorescent lamps containing mercury can cause pollution and can be recycled;

6.Led Panel Light also has no flash, applicability, high stability, short response time and other characteristics;

As LED technology and products used in traditional lamps have very different properties, the existing safety standards in general lighting is obviously not applicable.

Led Panel Light safety norms

Billion Bo Technology Certification Center (EBO) Special write this article to illustrate the current Led Panel Light of safety testing requirements (to UL standards for example).

(A) Led Panel Light, Safety Specifications:

As technology improved, Led Panel Light in the use of simple past few decades has been used in light, lights, etc., and gradually used in mobile phone backlight, interior lighting, brake lights, LCD televisions, laptop computers and other auxiliary backlight lighting; in the last two years, it starts to become the main lighting system can cover the scope of the application, outdoor, commercial, and home and other products are respectively:

Category (lighting) products

Building garden lights, searchlights, step lights, lights, balcony

Outdoor lights, column lights

Commercial lighting, display cabinet lighting

Home ceiling lamps, wall lamps, cabinet lamps, floor lamp, table lamps, etc.

LED light source to enhance manufacturing technology, application-level variable wide commitment to protect the safety of consumers, UL has developed LED module and lighting for safety standards UL8750, to regulate Led Panel Light products, and officially released in 2009. This standard is the industry’s sales of LED products to North American safety regulations necessary for the LED light source for the main types of products, including lamps, bulbs, drivers and so on, the next LED illumination products not only have safety regulations, but also to be LED light source and the module for the special attributes for validation.

(B) Led Panel Light in the UL standard classification:

For Led Panel Light, LED bulbs and LED power supply and other basic products of three categories, corresponding to the extended to the finished products or components, the different applications of the corresponding standards and the safety precautions are not related to the same start as the specific :